- William Morris
promoted within everyone a sense of design. He tried to influence common people
to use their own sense of design.
-
William Morris
did an insane amount of work, any of the tasks that he took on would be a
career for most people.
-
Arts &
Crafts à Art Nouveau
o
With arts and
crafts, older men who were educated experimented with design, steered away from
industrialization.
o
Art Nouveau
appealed more to younger art students, they wanted to use machines and see what
they could do with newer technology
-
Americans are
more pragmatic and irreverent. Europeans are more theoretical
-
Aubrey
Beardsley connected to William Morris
-
More drugs and
sex influence in the design at the time (1890’s)
-
Why do
something that already exists? Do the next big thing.
-
Don’t do what
is now, you’ll never be avant-garde, never the front of the charge. Do
something relevant to you.
-
Aubrey had
more Asian influence in his design with abstract form, more flat tones, etc.
-
Alfonso begins
the art nouveau era, he is relatable to art students like us.
-
Uncills –
Rounded letter forms
o
Celtic
writing, most notably from the Book of Cells
-
Know
difference between Greek and Roman characters and formal writing as opposed to
non-formal writing (it’s obvious).
-
Roman,
Quadrata, Carolin miniscules, Rustic
-
Playing Card
is interesting to us because it is one of the first expressions of printing.
Block printing – Xylography
-
Church begins
to ask for money and spread propaganda (you’ll know the poster, it’s from the
book).
-
Gutenberg
printing press
-
Know which one
the punch is (it’s A)
-
Recognize
indulgences from the church. Also that an indulgence is a “get out of jail free
card”
-
Ligature –
special character combined from to characters
-
Incunabula –
first 50 years of printing
-
Fleurons –
intricate designs in print.
-
Recognize
experimentation with negative space
-
Recognize an
exemplar page, basically a blueprint of the actual print.
-
Swebyheym and
Pannartz is interesting because the letters are readable, evolution of Roman
letters
-
The Whole
booke of Psalmes is the first book printed in the colonies. Doesn’t look
refined or crafted or pretty, but Steven Daye wasn’t a designer, it was just a
gig to make money. It parallels Gutenberg’s printing of indulgences
-
Recognize
Rococo design (Français).
-
Bodoni… Neoclassicism…
-
Fatface was an
extension of Bodoni
-
Cowboy writing
looks like Tuscan
-
More fonts
came into existence due to Advertising and Printing advancements.
-
Know sizing of
letters – point size = top to bottom
Ottmar Mergenthaller invented the linotype machine.
-
Ephemera –
printed objects not meant to be collected
-
Scrap cards,
recognize them. Louis Prang
- Thomas Nast is the father of the American political cartoon.
-
Heinz
understands the importance of “public image” for a company
-
Kelmscott
Press
-
Walter Crane
-
Capitalis
Rustica letter forms were more economical than square capitals because of
economy of space
-
Gutenberg
adopted textura for type
-
Linotype
released one letter at a time in order to work
-
Bodoni is
based upon interchangeable parts, Eli Whitney also invented things with a lot
of interchangeable parts.
Thoughts
This was mostly a lot of information about typefaces themselves and the people behind them. In this class however, is the first time I ever saw fonts and typefaces evolve and change along with the history in an area. It's as if you're watching a country develop it's handwriting. It's really interesting to watch.
Questions
When did typefaces become less actual design and more of something that almost everyone did? Was it towards the digital age when everyone had the software or was it around times like this where people were more educated?
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